Ⅰ.What is red raspberry
　　Raspberry is usually called tray or mountain berry. And sometimes people call it Malinguo .It also gets its name Fupenzi in Chinese medicine. Actually only for those that have been artificially cultivated can be called raspberry. Raspberry is similar to strawberry, but it differs from strawberry in category. The fruits of the strawberry are bigger than the raspberry. There are several colors in fruits, red, yellow, purple and black red. As the red color dominates the fruits, the fruit tree is called red raspberry.
　　Raspberry has grown in many parts of the world from Western Europe to the United States as well as China for hundreds of years. Today, the fruits and its by-products of the raspberry are being taken widely, domestically as daily commodities by people and abroad. They usually used in the production of milk, bread, ice-cream, sandwich and drinks. Moreover, raspberry is also used to make essences and other chemical products as well.

　　Ⅱ.The Biological Characters of Raspberry
　　Raspberry is different from the common shrubbery. It has no branches above the land for over two years. The first year stems can survive the winter, but dry rot after fructification in the second year. However, new stems will bourgeon on the old dry stems. It goes round year on year in the same matter..
　　( Ⅰ ) The Characters of Roots The roots of raspberry are perennial which function to support, stick, absorb, reserve and transport. The roots of raspberry grow fibriformly in the upper soil with 70% of roots amount in a upper soil of 0-25cm and another 20% of roots amount below 25cm. Occasionally several strong roots will go to the soil between 90cm and 180cm.
　　( Ⅱ ) The Characters of Stems A raspberry stem is usually comprised of two parts, the above-land stem and the underground stem with its a bove-land stem as the main one. Raspberry is also divided into two species in accordance with its fruiting nature, the summer red raspberry and the autumn red raspberry. The summer red raspberry absorbs nutrition in the first year and produces fruits in the second year, it differs from the autumn red raspberry which produces fruits both in the first year and in the second year, thus it also gets the name of double-season berry.
　　( Ⅲ ) The Character of Leaves The leaves of raspberry are flat like leather. The petioles are 6 cm to 9cm long, the leaves are 7cm to 13cm long and 8cm to 15cm wide. The colors of the leaves are deep green and purple with red . The life cycle of leaves is different. As far as the summer red raspberry is considered , different parts of the leaves have the different life cycle. The lower leaves live only 50 days to 60 days while the middle leaves can live 150 days to 180 days. The leaves of autumn red raspberry live relatively long , the leaves still grow well after the harvesting of the fruits.
　　( Ⅳ ) Environment Requirement The low temperature and frost in spring and early summer will do harm to the summer red raspberry flowers and new branches while the premature frost in autumn will prevent the fruits from growing. It takes the raspberry 800 to 1600 hours with an average temperature of 4.4C to finish the dormancy. The raspberry usually is covered by soil in the north to deal with the cold in winter. The raspberry usually starts to bud at a temperature of 7.2C.
　　The appropriate waterfall in the raspberry growing area should be 500mm to 1000mm. Areas with a waterfall less than 500mm should irrigate in dry season, meanwhile areas with a waterfall more than 1000mm should take some measures for drainage.

　　Ⅲ.Major Varieties of Raspberry
　　The following are some of major varieties of raspberry introduced by China Research Academy for Forest Science summer red raspberry: (a) summer NO.1 originates from Canada , high production, high quality, easy to harvest, high anti-virus ability, appropriate to grow in North China, Northwestern China and Northeastern China. (b) summer NO.6 originates from Canada, fruiting early ,mono-case weight 2.5G, high production, tasting good with dark red color, resistant to low temperature to – 36C, appropriate to grow in North China, Northwestern China and Northeastern China..(c) summer NO.9 originates from Canada, strong stem, high production, fruiting late, mono-case weight 3.8G, appropriate to grow in North China and Northeastern China.. (d)summer NO.15 originates from New York , the United States . Fruiting late with a hard shell, high production, mono-case weight 3.1G, tasting wonderful, resistant to cold, appropriate to grow in North China, Northwestern China and Northeastern China . (e) summer NO.39 originates from the United States, excellent breed under the industrial standard of Oregon, low sugar, weak for cold, appropriate to grow in Northeastern China, North China and Bohai Gulf region. The autumn red raspberry (a)autumnNO.28 originates from the United States , fruiting early, good for tasting, average mono-case weight 3G, high production, resistant to cold, appropriate to grow in North China, Northwestern China and Northeastern China . (b) autumn NO.35 originates from Oregon , strong stem, fruiting early, good for tasting, high production, average mono-case weight 3G, resistant to cold, enduring the viscous soil.

　　Ⅳ.Economic Significance
　　( Ⅰ ) People usually regard pear, apple, orange, peach, grape et c, as the first generation fruit and label strawberry, Chinese gooseberry and haw etc as the second generation fruit. Blue berry and raspberry usually are called the third generation fruit. Richness in nutrition characterizes the third generation fruit which is mainly consumed through all sorts of processed food. Raspberry fruits are soft, juicy, sweet-scented and colorful. The content of amino acid in raspberry is much more than that in apple and grape, which includes SOD9, vitamin E and especially rich in ellagic acid. Red raspberry candy content can reach to about 10%, mainly is the glucose and fructose that human body can absorb, the organic sour content exceeds 2%, main is citric and apple acid.
　　( Ⅱ ) Medical Value of Red Raspberry
　　1. Exploitation of Red Raspberry in Human Health Care
　　Red raspberry fruit contains many kinds of trace elements beneficial to the human body. Among them potassium, zinc , iron , copper , manganese ,etc. are the auxiliary factor of the enzyme. The calcium plays an important role to the human skeleton development. The content of anthocyanin is very high too in the red raspberry fruit, about 30-60 milligrams / 100 grams of fresh fruits of Red raspberry. Red raspberry also has many nutritious materials such as Anthocyanin, flavone, salicylic acid and coffee acid, they have the function to preventing and curing the cardiovascular diseases. The effective composition of the aspirin is a salicylic acid material. 100 grams of fresh fruits of red raspberry contain 0.5-0.25milligrams of salicylic acid, can be served as diaphoretic to treat cold, influenza, angina, faucitis. Root soaked wine can relax the muscles and stimulate the blood circulation, disappear red to retreat swollen, stem leaf frying water can wash haemorrhoids. The cellulosic content of red raspberry fruit is abundant too. The food of high cellulosic content contributes to preventing and curing the heart disease, can reduce the cholesterol in the blood, the cellulose contributes to preventing and curing the diabetes too, keep the level of the glucose in the blood. Because the above-mentioned compositions that the red raspberry fruit contain, make the red raspberry fruit become health food helping to prevent disease, cure the disease.
　　2. Use in anticancer of the red raspberry
　　Red raspberry fruit have strong function to suppress cancer cell grow, backbone is ellagic acid contains in its fruit, The content of ellagic acid is up to 200-300 mg every 100g fresh fruit, higher than any of the other fruit. Red raspberry is listed as the invincible opponent of the cancer in USA . The research made by Helings Cancer Center of Minnesota University and Medical University of South Carolina shows that red raspberry is a type of food effective to cure the cancer and have special curative effect to cure the colon cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer and pancreas cancer.
Ellagic acid is a phenol chemical compound, a very effective material to resist carcinogen and organism sudden change material.
　　The function of ellagic acid: It is just like a street cleaner to combine or to hold back carcinogens, make it lose the activation in the human body. The ellagic acid can protect human cell from many kinds of carcinogen that the human body causes such as cigarette, food additive and oil product.
　　The ellagic acid is very easy to be absorbed by the human body. Eat red raspberry is the best way or natural method to suppress some cancers from taking place.
　　（ Ⅲ ） Edible Values of Red Raspberry
　　Red raspberry can keep their nutrition function regardless of heat, freeze or extract processing. Therefore, no matter eat fresh or freeze fruit or jam, puree, fruit juice candied fruit, cold drink, cold drink process product, etc. red raspberry can become cancer preventing food and no side effect, artificial ellagic acid is too coarse to eat and absorb by human body, its dosage is also difficult to control, Red raspberry is the abundant resource of edible ellagic acid, therefore, red raspberry is the effective cancer prevention food pay attention by American people and even the people all over the world.
　　Except eating raw, red raspberry fruit can be used for and process into various kinds of food also, the fruit juice, jam, puree, jelly, fruit wine, little fermented beverage, cold drink, candy fruit, syrup etc., can also process into red raspberry yoghurt, red raspberry ice cream, chocolate candy of red raspberry and red raspberry cake, etc. In addition, it can be used specially as natural pigment additive or as the natural health food. In a word, the red raspberry tastes delicious, can be served as the additive of any food or the snack. According to the recent result of study in Japan , red raspberry food, especially fresh fruit is the best weight-reducing food at present, so red raspberry has already formed a new fruit consumption hot spot in the Japan .
　　Because ability to resist plant diseases and insect pests of red raspberry is relatively strong, there are few plant diseases and insect pests, very suitable for developing pollution-free food and organic food.